The Roman Catholic Bible has 73 books, while the Protestant Bible contains 66. Justin Martyr, in the early 2nd century, mentions the "memoirs of the Apostles", which Christians (Greek: ) called "gospels", and which were considered to be authoritatively equal to the Old Testament. The full New Testament was translated into Hungarian by Jnos Sylvester in 1541. The Second Helvetic Confession (1562), affirms "both Testaments to be the true Word of God" and appealing to Augustine's De Civitate Dei, it rejected the canonicity of the Apocrypha. [76][77] Thus Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox and Protestant churches generally do not view these New Testament apocrypha as part of the Bible.[77]. The Reliability of the New Testament Definition The biblical canon is the collection of scriptural books that God has given his corporate people, which are distinguished by their divine qualities, reception by the collective body, and their apostolic connection, either by authorship or association. The Septuagint (in Koine Greek), which closely resembles the Hebrew Bible but includes additional texts, is used as the Christian Greek Old Testament, at least in some liturgical contexts. Clontz (2008), "The Comprehensive New Testament", ranks the NRSV in eighth place in a comparison of twenty-one translations, at 81% correspondence to the Nestle-Aland 27th ed. IVP Academic, 2010, Location 147886 (Kindle Edition). The Jewish Tanakh (sometimes called the Hebrew Bible) contains 24 books divided into three parts: the five books of the Torah ("teaching"); the eight books of the Nevi'im ("prophets"); and the eleven books of Ketuvim ("writings"). The three books of Meqabyan are often called the "Ethiopian Maccabees", but are completely different in content from the books of Maccabees that are known or have been canonized in other traditions. Did Constantine canonize the Bible? In the Latin Vulgate and Douay-Rheims, chapter 51 of Ecclesiasticus appears separately as the "Prayer of Joshua, son of Sirach". [97], "Books of the Bible" redirects here. [43] 42k 11 11 gold badges 120 120 silver badges 293 293 bronze badges. The first part of Christian Bibles is the Old Testament, which contains, at minimum, the 24 books of the Hebrew Bible but divided into 39 (Protestant) or 46 (Catholic) books and ordered differently. The Letter of Baruch is found in chapters 7887 of 2 Baruchthe final ten chapters of the book. PROPHETS 44; Prophet Tree Prophet Timeline; Prophet Map; 1391 - 1271 BC Moses; 3 BC - 33 AD Jesus; 570 - 632 AD Muhammad; Aaron; Abel; Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 19851993. The Sixto-Clementine Vulgate contained in the Appendix several books considered as apocryphal by the council: Prayer of Manasseh, 3 Esdras, and 4 Esdras. One of the central events in the development of the Protestant Bible canon was the publication of Luther's translation of the Bible into High German (the New Testament was published in 1522; the Old Testament was published in parts and completed in 1534). [11] The book of 2 Maccabees, itself not a part of the Jewish canon, describes Nehemiah (c. 400 BC) as having "founded a library and collected books about the kings and prophets, and the writings of David, and letters of kings about votive offerings" (2:1315). The Catholic Church and Eastern Christian churches hold that certain deuterocanonical books and passages are part of the Old Testament canon. Different religious groups include different books in their biblical canons, in varying orders, and sometimes divide or combine books. The word "catholic" means "all-embracing," and the Catholic Church sees itself as the only . A Protestant Bible is a Christian Bible whose translation or revision was produced by Protestant Christians. From that year until 1657, a half-million copies were printed. a "closed book", a prohibition against future scribal editing) or to the instruction received by Moses on Mount Sinai. With this background, we can now address why the Protestant versions of the Bible have less books than the Catholic versions. The word canon means "ruler" or "standard" by which something is judged. These views on the infallibility of the Bible and its origin from God Himself have characterized the entire Christian Church of the ages up to the liberal movements of recent times, as is widely recognized. origine gravel carbone; cap ptisserie distance cned; thyrode et angoisse permanente Dimensions. In some lists, they may simply fall under the title "Jeremiah", while in others, they are divided in various ways into separate books. [2] Some Protestants use Bibles which also include 14 additional books in a section known as the Apocrypha (though these are not considered canonical) bringing the total to 80 books. It seems we can't agree on how many books we should have in the Old Testament. While this likely refers to the account of Isaiah's death within the Lives of the Prophets, it may be a reference to the account of his death found within the first five chapters of the Ascension of Isaiah, which is widely known by this name. A biblical canon is a set of texts (also called "books") which a particular Jewish or Christian religious community regards as part of the Bible. Schneemelcher Wilhelm (ed). The second part is the New Testament, containing 27 books: the four canonical gospels, Acts of the Apostles, 21 Epistles or letters and the Book of Revelation. 1-2 or 15-16), Wisdom, the rest of Daniel, Baruch, and 1-2 Maccabees, These books are accounted pseudepigrapha by all other Christian groups, Protestant, Catholic, and Orthodox (Charlesworth's Old Testament Pseudepigrapha, Introduction), The Apocrypha in Ecumenical Perspective: The Place of the Late Writings of the Old Testament Among the Biblical Writings and their Significance in the Eastern and Western Church Traditions, p. 160, Generally due to derivation from transliterations of names used in the Latin Vulgate in the case of Catholicism, and from transliterations of the Greek Septuagint in the case of the Orthodox (as opposed to derivation of translations, instead of transliterations, of Hebrew titles) such, Last edited on 21 February 2023, at 01:10, biblical canon canons of various traditions, Luther himself did not accept the canonicity of the Apocrypha, Reception of the book of Enoch in antiquity and Middle Ages, First, Second and Third Books of Ethiopian Maccabees, Revised Standard Version Catholic Edition, https://www.newadvent.org/fathers/3814.htm, http://www.orthodoxy.ge/tserili/biblia/sarchevi.htm, BibleGateway.com: Sirach 52 / 1 Kings 8:2252; Vulgate, The Prayer of Azariah and Song of the Three Holy Children, Non-canonical books referenced in the Bible, "The Twenty-Four Books of the Hebrew Bible and Alexandrian Scribal Methods", "Decree of Council of Rome (AD 382) on the Biblical Canon", Syriac Versions of the Bible by Thomas Nicol, "Corey Keating, The Criteria Used for Developing the New Testament Canon", "Chapter IX. A facsimile edition was produced by the Spanish Bible Society: (. That oral tradition would later be gathered together in written form as the Mishnah. Many denominations recognize deuterocanonical books as good, but not on the level of the other books of the Bible. [24] This translation, subsequently revised, came to be known as the Reina-Valera Bible. . Especially of note is, The Peshitta excludes 2 John, 3 John, 2 Peter, Jude, and Revelation, but certain Bibles of the modern Syriac traditions include later translations of those books. Volume 3, p. 98 James L. Schaaf, trans. Martin Luther added 14 books in Apocrypha sections and has removed many of the books from the Old Testament. Martin Luther. Canon 2 of the Quintsext Council, held in Trullo and affirmed by the Eastern Orthodox Churches, listed and affirmed Biblical Canon lists, such as the list in Canon 85 of the Canons of the Apostles. 2 and 3 Meqabyan, though relatively unrelated in content, are often counted as a single book. ), No - (inc in Appendix in Clementine Vulgate as 4 Esdras. However, all agree in the view that it is non-canonical. From the first through the fourth centuries and beyond, different church leaders and theologians made arguments about which books belonged in the canon, often casting their opponents as heretics. 1. A surviving quarto edition of the Great Bible, produced some time after 1549, does not contain the Apocrypha although most copies of the Great Bible did. The order of the session is up to you and what works best for your group. The Talmud in Bava Batra 14b gives a different order for the books in Nevi'im and Ketuvim. In many eastern Bibles, the Apocalypse of Ezra is not an exact match to the longer Latin Esdras2 Esdras in KJV or 4 Esdras in the Vulgatewhich includes a Latin prologue (5 Ezra) and epilogue (6 Ezra). First printed in 1611, this edition of the Bible was commissioned in 1604 by King James I after feeling political pressure from Puritans and Calvinists demanding church reform and calling for a. He wrote down the consensus of a larger group of religious authorities. The Syriac Orthodox Church and the Assyrian Church of the East both adhere to the Peshitta liturgical tradition, which historically excludes five books of the New Testament Antilegomena: 2 John, 3 John, 2 Peter, Jude, and Revelation. Certain groups of Jews, such as the Karaites, do not accept the Oral Law as it is codified in the Talmud and only consider the Tanakh to be authoritative. The Ascension of Isaiah has long been known to be a part of the Orthodox Tewahedo scriptural tradition. A brief summary of the acts was read at and accepted by the Council of Carthage (397) and also the Council of Carthage (419). The order of some books varies among canons. The Short Answer. This could explain why it was address to a Jewish audience in James 1:1, as well as why it seems to support justification by works in James 2:14-24. Wall, Robert W.; Lemcio, Eugene E. (1992). A Protestant Bible is a Christian Bible whose translation or revision was produced by Protestant Christians.Such Bibles comprise 39 books of the Old Testament (according to the Hebrew Bible canon, known especially to non-Protestant Christians as the protocanonical books) and 27 books of the New Testament, for a total of 66 books. For the following three centuries, most English language Protestant Bibles, including the Authorized Version, continued with the practice of placing the Apocrypha in a separate section after the Old Testament. There are numerous citations of Sirach within the Talmud, even though the book was not ultimately accepted into the Hebrew canon. The growth and development of the Armenian Biblical canon is complex. Bible translated into High German by Luther, Luther's translation of the Bible into High German, in accordance with Luther's view of the canon, The Prayer of Azariah and Song of the Three Holy Children, "Martin Luther, Bible Translation, and the German Language", "Why Are Protestant and Catholic Bibles Different? It takes the form of a record of rabbinic discussions pertaining to Jewish law, ethics, philosophy, customs, and history. The Third Epistle to the Corinthians always appears as a correspondence; it also includes a short letter from the Corinthians to Paul. [25] Likewise by 200, the Muratorian fragment shows that there existed a set of Christian writings somewhat similar to what is now the New Testament, which included four gospels and argued against objections to them. Some of the books are not listed in this table. Catholics and Protestants have a different view on the nature of the church. He had nothing to do with it. The two narratives have similarities and may share a common source. When the Church fathers created the Christian Canon, they used the most popular version of the Hebrew Bible, which was the Septuagint, which was a translation into Greek. Among the various Christian denominations, the New Testament canon is a generally agreed-upon list of 27 books. The Bible has three major compositions. (Apocrypha). "[29], In his Easter letter of 367, Patriarch Athanasius of Alexandria gave a list of exactly the same books that would become the New Testament27 bookproto-canon,[30] and used the phrase "being canonized" (kanonizomena) in regard to them. . No inc. in Wycliffe and early Quaker Bibles. In order to print very inexpensive Bibles that everyone could afford, they dropped the books which we call the deuterocanonical books (the second canon). Their decrees also declared by fiat that Epistle to the Hebrews was written by Paul, for a time ending all debate on the subject. More importantly, the Samaritan text also diverges from the Masoretic in stating that Moses received the Ten Commandments on Mount Gerizimnot Mount Sinaiand that it is upon Mount Gerizim that sacrifices to God should be madenot in Jerusalem. The Talmud has two components: the Mishnah (c. 200 AD), the first written compendium of Judaism's oral Law; and the Gemara (c. 500 AD), an elucidation of the Mishnah and related Tannaitic writings that often ventures onto other subjects and expounds broadly on the Tanakh. Some books, though considered canonical, are nonetheless difficult to locate and are not even widely available in Ethiopia. The Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, and Assyrian Christian churches may have differences in their lists of accepted books. This manuscript included all 39 books of the Old Testament and the 27 books of the New Testament in the same language: Latin. Paul Arblaster, Gergely Juhsz, Guido Latr (eds) Tyndale's Testament, Brepols 2002. Those codices contain almost a full version of the Septuagint; Vaticanus lacks only 13 Maccabees and Sinaiticus lacks 23 Maccabees, 1 Esdras, Baruch and Letter of Jeremiah. In 1 Corinthians 9:20 - 21, Paul says, "To the Jews I became like a Jew, to win the Jews.". The canon at Qumrn In the collection of manuscripts from the Judaean desertdiscovered from the 1940s onthere are no lists of canonical works and no codices (manuscript volumes), only individual scrolls. We have a fairly good idea about the date by which the books in the Jewish Bible (the same as the ones in the Protestant Old Testament) were completed (the latest seems to be Daniel, finished in approximately 165 B.C.E. Included here for the purpose of disambiguation, 3 Baruch is widely rejected as a pseudepigraphon and is not part of any Biblical tradition. The 24 books of the Bible ( Tanach) were canonized by the Anshei Knesset Hagedolah (" Men of the Great Assembly "), which included some of the greatest Jewish scholars and leaders of the time, such as Ezra the Scribe, and even the last of the prophets, namely Haggai, Zechariah and Malachi. For these reasons, nothing can be known with certainty about the contents and sequence of the canon of the Qumrn sectarians. However, certain canonical books within the Orthodox Tewahedo traditions find their origin in the writings of the Apostolic Fathers as well as the Ancient Church Orders. Rabbinic Judaism (Hebrew: ) recognizes the twenty-four books of the Masoretic Text, commonly called the Tanakh (Hebrew: ") or Hebrew Bible. An early fragment of 6 Ezra is known to exist in the Greek language, implying a possible Hebrew origin for 2 Esdras 1516. In addition to the Tanakh, mainstream Rabbinic Judaism considers the Talmud (Hebrew: ) to be another central, authoritative text. In Judaism, the canon consists of the books of the Old Testament only. The famous Muratorian Canon of c.. 6. [3] With the Old Testament, Apocrypha, and New Testament, the total number of books in the Protestant Bible becomes 80. ), and we know that in the Rabbinic period a specific list of . Scripture was Scripture when the pen touched the parchment. corrected). [30][67] Sixtus of Siena coined the term deuterocanonical to describe certain books of the Catholic Old Testament that had not been accepted as canonical by Jews and Protestants but which appeared in the Septuagint. Finally, the Book of Joseph ben Gurion, or Pseudo-Josephus, is a history of the Jewish people thought to be based upon the writings of Josephus. Anglicanism considers the apocrypha worthy of being "read for example of life" but not to be used "to establish any doctrine. Earlier Spanish translations, such as the 13th-century Alfonsina Bible, translated from Jerome's Vulgate, had been copied by hand. The process of determining the biblical canon was begun by Jewish scholars and rabbis and later finalized by the early Christian church toward the end of the fourth century. For instance, in the Slavonic, Orthodox Tewahedo, Syriac, and Armenian traditions, the New Testament is ordered differently from what is considered to be the standard arrangement. That is, Protestants and Catholics claim the Bible is their canon or authority for faith and morals. 55% reported using the King James Version, followed by 19% for the New International Version, 7% for the New Revised Standard Version (printed in both Protestant and Catholic editions), 6% for the New American Bible (a Catholic Bible translation) and 5% for the Living Bible. James might well have been the first New Testament book written, in about 46 A.D. He grouped the seven deuterocanonical books of the Old Testament under the title "Apocrypha," declaring. ), while generally using the Septuagint and Vulgate, now supplemented by the ancient Hebrew and Aramaic manuscripts, as the textual basis for the deuterocanonical books. The Lutheran Apocrypha omits from this list 1 & 2 Esdras. [10] Evangelicals vary among themselves in their attitude to and interest in the Apocrypha. It was in Luther's Bible of 1534 that the Apocrypha was first published as a separate intertestamental section. Those of the Catholic faith believe what is in their Bible was canonized by the Synod of Rome council and the early church . Wycliffe's writings greatly influenced the philosophy and teaching of the Czech proto-Reformer Jan Hus (c. [86][87] Most of the quotations (300 of 400) of the Old Testament in the New Testament, while differing more or less from the version presented by the Masoretic text, align with that of the Septuagint.[88]. In many ancient manuscripts, a distinct collection known as the. Bible, Canon of the. In the wake of the Protestant Reformation, the Council of Trent (1546) affirmed the Vulgate as the official Catholic Bible in order to address changes Martin Luther made in his recently completed German translation which was based on the Hebrew language Tanakh in addition to the original Greek of the component texts. Various biblical canons have developed through debate and agreement on the part of the religious authorities of their respective faiths and denominations. Others, like Melito, omitted it from the canon altogether. Esther's placement within the canon was questioned by Luther. However, those books are included in certain Bibles of the modern Syriac traditions. A Protestant Bible is a Christian Bible whose translation or revision was produced by Protestants.Such Bibles comprise 39 books of the Old Testament (according to the Jewish Hebrew Bible canon, known especially to non-Protestants as the protocanonical books) and 27 books of the New Testament for a total of 66 books. Answer (1 of 3): The Old Testament went through a gradual process, as did the New Testament. For the number of books of the Hebrew Bible see: Crown, Alan D. (October 1991). The Ethiopian Bible is the oldest and most complete bible on earth.Written in Ge'ez an ancient dead language of Ethiopia it's nearly 800 years older than the King James Version and contains over 100 books compared to 66 of the Protestant Bible. Several translations of Luther's Bible were made into Dutch. The word canon is used to identify the collection of sacred books that comprise the Bible. Some view it as a useful historical and theological background to the events of the New Testament while others either have little interest in the Apocrypha or view it with hostility. The Canon of the Old Testament was set by the time of Jesus. A 1575 quarto edition of the Bishop's Bible also does not contain them. [49] A 2015 report by the California-based Barna Group found that 39% of American readers of the Bible preferred the King James Version, followed by 13% for the New International Version, 10% for the New King James Version and 8% for the English Standard Version. The canonical Ethiopic version of Baruch has five chapters, but is shorter than the LXX text. Extra-canonical Old Testament books appear in historical canon lists and recensions that are either exclusive to this tradition, or where they do exist elsewhere, never achieved the same status. The five excluded books were added in the Harklean Version (616 AD) of Thomas of Harqel.[40]. Other non-canonical Samaritan religious texts include the Memar Markah ("Teaching of Markah") and the Defter (Prayerbook)both from the 4th century or later. [42] These Councils took place under the authority of Augustine of Hippo (354430), who regarded the canon as already closed. Library of Congress Rule Interpretations, C.8. Books of the Ethiopian Bible features 20 of these books that are not included in the Protestant Bible. The growth and development of the Armenian Biblical canon is complex. The first proto-Protestant Bible translation was Wycliffe's Bible, that appeared in the late 14th century in the vernacular Middle English. A book of Scripture belonged in the canon from the moment God inspired its writing. The Bear Bible was first published on 28 September 1569, in Basel, Switzerland. The two main Canons were the Septuagint and the Masoretic. [16] However, the first complete Modern English translation of the Bible, the Coverdale Bible of 1535, did include the Apocrypha. [23], After Marcion, Christians began to divide texts into those that aligned well with the "canon" (meaning a measuring line, rule, or principle) of accepted theological thought and those that promoted heresy. Paraphrase of American Standard Version, 1901, with comparisons of other translations, including the King James Version, and some Greek texts. Understanding the church. Catholic theologians regard these documents as infallible statements of Catholic doctrine. The use of the word "canon" to refer to a set of religious scriptures was first used by David Ruhnken, in the 18th century.[1]. In the historically Protestant United Kingdom we are accustomed to an Old Testament comprising the 39 books which are regarded as Holy Scripture by Orthodox Judaism (although Orthodox Judaism counts these differently, numbering 24 books).. By contrast, the Roman Catholic Church has an Old Testament which is longer by some twelve additional books or . The religious scholar Bruce Metzger described Origen's efforts, saying "The process of canonization represented by Origen proceeded by way of selection, moving from many candidates for inclusion to fewer. The reason for this is that the Protestant canon of the Old Testament has been influenced by the Greek translation of the Old Testament, the Septuagint (LXX) made about 250-160 B.C. Note that "1", "2", or "3" as a leading numeral is normally pronounced in the United States as the ordinal number, thus "First Samuel" for "1 Samuel". In some Latin versions, chapter 5 of Lamentations appears separately as the "Prayer of Jeremiah". But that's not the real story. ), No - (inc. in Appendix in Clementine Vulgate as 4 Esdras. Other traditions, while also having closed canons, may not be able to point to an exact year in which their canons were complete. Two manuscripts exista longer Greek manuscript with Christian interpolations and a shorter Slavonic version. With the potential exception of the Septuagint, the apostles did not leave a defined set of scriptures; instead the canon of both the Old Testament and the New Testament developed over time. Community Bot. [32], Since the 19th century changes, many modern editions of the Bible and re-printings of the King James Version of the Bible that are used especially by non-Anglican Protestants omit the Apocrypha section. By doing this, he established a particular way of looking at religious texts that persists in Christian thought today. [46][47][48], Pope Damasus I's Council of Rome in 382 (if the Decretum is correctly associated with it) issued a biblical canon identical to that mentioned above. Like Luther, Miles Coverdale placed the Apocrypha in a separate section after the Old Testament. [75] Lutheran and Anglican lectionaries continue to include readings from the Apocrypha. However, a degree of uncertainty continues to exist here, and it is certainly possible that the full textincluding the prologue and epilogueappears in Bibles and Biblical manuscripts used by some of these eastern traditions. Augustine of Hippo declared without qualification that one is to "prefer those that are received by all Catholic Churches to those which some of them do not receive" (On Christian Doctrines 2.12). Many re-printings of older versions of the Bible now omit the apocrypha and many newer translations and revisions have never included them at all. Here's what you need to know about the difference. [10] Although within the same printed bibles, it was usually to be found in a separate section under the heading of Apocrypha and sometimes carrying a statement to the effect that the such books were non-canonical but useful for reading.[18]. They are as follows: The Acts of Paul and Thecla and the Third Epistle to the Corinthians are portions of the greater. [31], In 331, Constantine I commissioned Eusebius to deliver fifty Bibles for the Church of Constantinople. They started writing the Hussite Bible after they returned to Hungary and finalized it around 1416. "[13], The Samaritan Pentateuch's relationship to the Masoretic Text is still disputed. [12] However, these primary sources do not suggest that the canon was at that time closed; moreover, it is not clear that these sacred books were identical to those that later became part of the canon. In the Book of First Maccabees it says. The Orthodox Tewahedo churches recognize these eight additional New Testament books in its broader canon. Most of the deuterocanonical books of the Old Testament are found in the Syriac, and the Wisdom of Sirach is held to have been translated from the Hebrew and not from the Septuagint. ", "Canons & Recensions of the Armenian Bible", "Thecla in Syriac Christianity: Preliminary Observations", "The Canonization of Scripture | Coptic Orthodox Diocese of Los Angeles", "The Armenian Canon of the New Testament", The Development of the Canon of the New Testament, Catholic Encyclopedia: Canon of the New Testament, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Biblical_canon&oldid=1140636407, No (inc. in Appendix in Clementine Vulgate), No (inc. in Appendix in Clementine Vulgate as 3 Esdras. The Ethiopian Tewahedo church accepts all of the deuterocanonical books of Catholicism and anagignoskomena of Eastern Orthodoxy except for the four Books of Maccabees. The letter had a wider circulation and often appeared separately from the first 77 chapters of the book, which is an apocalypse. This means that Protestant Bibles have only 39 books in the Old Testament, while Catholic Bibles . It is not based upon our good works. Parts of these four books are not found in the most reliable ancient sources; in some cases, are thought to be later additions; and have therefore not historically existed in every Biblical tradition. This decision of the transmarine church however, was subject to ratification; and the concurrence of the Roman see it received when Innocent I and Gelasius I (A.D. 414) repeated the same index of biblical books. This was long before Martin Luther and the first Protestants and lends further evidence that the Church accepted these books as inspired and did not "add" them to the canon in response to the Reformation, as many Protestants claim. [citation needed], Additionally, while the books of Jubilees and Enoch are fairly well known among western scholars, 1, 2, and 3 Meqabyan are not. [55][56], Martin Luther (14831546) moved seven Old Testament books (Tobit, Judith, 12 Maccabees, Book of Wisdom, Sirach, and Baruch) into a section he called the "Apocrypha, that are books which are not considered equal to the Holy Scriptures, but are useful and good to read".[57]. [21], Marcion of Sinope was the first Christian leader in recorded history (though later considered heretical) to propose and delineate a uniquely Christian canon[22] (c. AD 140). Later Councils at Hippo (393 AD) and Carthage (397 AD) ratified this list of 73 books. The protocanonical books of the Old Testament correspond with those of the Bible of the Hebrews, and the Old Testament as received by Protestants. The Pauline epistles were circulating in collected forms by the end of the 1st century AD. The Early Church primarily used the Greek Septuagint (or LXX) as its source for the Old Testament. This text is associated with the Samaritans (Hebrew: ; Arabic: ), a people of whom the Jewish Encyclopedia states: "Their history as a distinct community begins with the taking of Samaria by the Assyrians in 722 BC. Some Protestant Bibles include 3 Maccabees as part of the Apocrypha.
Ego Battery Flashing Red Won't Charge, California Discovery Deadlines, Paula Goodspeed Myspace, Underwater Drilling Accident 2 Survivors, Been Around Ybn Cordae Sample, Articles W