. Pick a key scene from the story and tell it from the third-person limited point of view, through Doodle's senses and feelings. The English also had better tactics that were more effective. The plots were often uncovered due to Elizabeths informants and Walsinghams highly efficient spy network. Learning of the Spanish plans to build an Armada and invade England, Drakes mission was to try and stop this. In 1558, England lost its final possession - the port of Calais - in France. [Referencing this date is very good, because it demonstrates to the examiner awareness of WHY the question includes this date in the first place. The plot was uncovered by Sir Francis Walsingham, who intercepted and read Babingtons letters to Mary. James also pledged to help Elizabeth if invaded. Elizabeth I - reigned from 1558-1603 Elizabeth I's first rebellion to deal with was the Shane O'Neill Rebellion, which occurred in Ireland and lasted from 1558-1567. Another serious contender was Francis, Duke of Alencon, later Duke of Anjou. 1559 - cateau cambresis, menacing position of french in scotland. The Spanish attempted to regroup at Gravelines, however, the weather made it impossible for them to reform their defensive crescent formation which opened up an opportunity for the English to intercept and attack. The defeat of the Northern Earls showed there was little appetite for a Catholic revolution. No Payment details required and completelyRisk Free. Therefore, I disagree with the statement. The reasons for, and consequences of, the English victory. Official Thread: (Undergraduate) Medicine 2023 Entry, St George's University of London (SGUL) A101 2023 Entry. Most people in . Phillip II of Spain proposed marriage to Elizabeth. The reasons for, and significance of, Mary Queen of Scots execution in 1587. 1558 -french threat. This was a huge sum of money, especially when you consider the annual income of the Crown was approximately 286,000. The Spanish plan to meet the Duke of Parma at Dunkirk was seriously flawed. This peace treaty between England and France ended the war inherited by Elizabeth from her half-sister Mary I, who went to war alongside her Spanish husband Philip II in 1557. By this time radical Puritan sectaries were perceived to be . The Northern Earls were unhappy and rebelled for several reasons: The Revolt of the Northern Earls was arguably the most serious rebellion during Elizabeths reign and presented a threat for a number of reasons: During the 1570s and 1580s, there were several plots by Catholics to assassinate Queen Elizabeth and replace her with Mary, Queen of Scots. Elizabeth had reinstated Protestantism as the official religion of England when she inherited the throne, but that did not mean that there were not still Catholics residing in the country. Medina Sidonia decided to retreat back to Spain and call off the attack on England. These problems all led to supply issues for the Spanish Armada and had a major impact on the morale of the Spanish troops. After his successful raid on Cadiz, Drake sailed along the coast of Portugal and Spain, seizing Spanish ships and destroying supplies that were being sent to Lisbon for the Armada. This forced the Spanish fleet to travel into the dangerous waters off the Scottish and Irish coasts. Mary was spared. For two weeks of the second half of November, Catholic mass was heard at Durham Cathedral too (with all evidence of Protestantism destroyed). Not many Englishmen were granted licenses and therefore Elizabeth would encourage privateers, men who sailed their own ships, to trade illegally with the Spanish colonies. "the threat of invasions was Elizabeth's main problem when she became queen in 1558" - 4th point + evidence. This meant her ability to govern from the outset was immediately hampered. There was also a fear that France and Scotland, alongside Spain, could launch an invasion of England as part of a greater Catholic crusade against the rogue English Protestant nation. and reversing the religious settlement. (*fragmentary*). Suitable for the Edexcel GCSE History (9-1) course. Elizabeth faced many problems upon her accession to her throne in 1558 and, whilst the question of legitimacy was important, the immediate concerns of debt, as well as the threat from France and Scotland were of far greater significance as they instantly impacted upon her ability to rule. Even though a truce was decided, there was still a constant threat from the Scots and French to the English security . William Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley, Burghley also spelled Burleigh, also called (1551-71) Sir William Cecil, (born Sept. 13, 1520, Bourne, Lincolnshire, Eng.died Aug. 5, 1598, London), principal adviser to England's Queen Elizabeth I through most of her reign. Many reasons led to discontent between Spain and England. There were fewer naval ships anchored there and the port was the centre for a large number of naval supplies which Drake intended to either seize or destroy. Thereafter, up to 11,000 English Catholics were either arrested or placed under surveillance. Study notes, videos, interactive activities and more! As such, I disagree with the statement. - Significant political threat as her legitimacy and gender led to people not accepting her as queen. After inheriting the throne from her sister Mary I, Elizabeth was 300,000 in debt. Working for the British, Native American Manteo was placed in charge of the expedition by Sir Walter Raleigh. Roberto di Ridolfi was an Italian banker who played a small role in the Revolt of the Northern Earls. As the Spanish had lost these to Drake, they were forced to make their barrels from unseasoned wood, which couldnt preserve food or water very well. Protestants (notably John Knox) initially claimed female rule was unnatural or monstrous, while Roman Catholics judged . In all, whilst the Catholic threat was increased through Elizabeths interference with the Dutch revolt, as it incurred the anger of the Spanish, it was Mary Queen of Scots presence that emboldened the Catholic threat. They Schools can qualify for all our resources for free. 214 High Street, The news of the rebellion caused widespread. 2002-2023 Tutor2u Limited. Spain had become a great military power as Phillip ruled Spain, the Netherlands and parts of Italy. They had enjoyed religious freedom under Queen Mary, Elizabeth's sister, and they were now being. Ironically the simple accession of Elizabeth in 1558 made any desire for a settlement so much more difficult. Elizabeth I was Queen of England and Ireland from 17th November 1558 to 24th March 1603. Elizabeth mock: "the threat of invasions was Elizabeth's main - Quizlet The conspirators including Babington were all. In total, less than 10000 men and half the fleet made it back to Spain. See our A-Level Essay Example on To what extent should changes in the relationship between monarchy and parliament from 1529 to 1640 be seen as arising from divisions over the future of the church?, British History: Monarchy & Politics now at Marked By Teachers. How significant was the threat to Elizabeth I, posed by her Roman Catholic subjects in the years 1558-1588? To what extent should changes in the relationship between monarchy and Thomas Percy, 7th Earl of Northumberland was part of the Rising in the North in 1569. Podcast: The Life and Significance of Alan Turing, Copyright The Historical Association 2023. Moreover, the brazenness of these revolts was further helped by the blessing of the Pope, whose directives on recusancy and overthrowing Elizabeth were obeyed by many Catholics both domestically and internationally. Those who refused this were sent to prison. Topic guides / This was signed by the English nobility and gentry and required the signatories to execute anyone who attempted to overthrow the Queen. He was the son of King Henry VIII by his third wife, Jane Seymour.Throughout the realm, the people greeted the birth of a male heir, "whom we hungered for so long", with joy and relief. Approximately 30 ships were destroyed and tonnes of supplies were also seized including food and weapons. At the beginning of her reign, an obvious candidate for Elizabeth to marry was her half sister's widow, Phillip of Spain. Oct 12, 2019 83 Dislike Podpast 106 subscribers Recap and review of the problems Elizabeth faced when she became Queen in 1558. Elizabeth offered support to the Protestant Henry IV of France but found him an difficult ally to get on with. Although he promised to help the conspirators, he rarely followed through on these promises. The war with Spain continued for 15 years, but the Armada of 1588 was the last real serious Spanish threat to Elizabeths throne. The English were worried about the threat of invasion and they attacked the Spanish ships as they sailed along the Channel, but the Armada was so strong that most of the ships reached Calais safely. The Treaty of Cateau-Cambresis of April 1559 between Spain and France was meant to be the start of lasting peace between the two. Mary | Biography & Facts | Britannica Importantly though, the arrival of Mary Queen of Scots in England did more to embolden the threat of Catholicism. No, Francis in Reign does not have a child. Reigned: queen of England and Ireland for 44 years, from 17 November 1558 until her death in 1603. Here then, military alliances, English weaknesses, questions of legitimacy and the influence of religion all meant Elizabeth was very vulnerable upon her accession. On the show, Francis has a tumultuous relationship with his wife, Mary, and their inability to conceive a child is a major source of conflict between them. Elizabeth's Accession and Her Legitimacy (GCSE Example Answer - Tutor2u Died: 24 March 1603. When Elizabeth I came to the throne in 1558, she inherited a difficult financial situation and a debt of 227,000. Become a Member | The Spanish had a greater army and Dudleys army was significantly smaller. She was a Protestant. King Phillip saw the signing of the 1585 Treaty of Nonsuch as a declaration fo war on Spain and in response, he began to build a huge fleet of ships known as an Armada to invade England with. Elizabeths legitimacy was one of many problems that Elizabeth faced when she became Queen in 1558. Mary became the inspiration for frequent revolts and rebellions, as it suddenly appeared possible that Elizabeth could be realistically replaced by a legitimate Catholic heir. The Spanish responded by doing the same to the English. Edward VI - Wikipedia Born the daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn on 7 September 1533, Elizabeth's right to rule as queen of England never went unchallenged.