Farmers in less developed countries were able to increase their profits from growing and exporting high-yield grain to levels similar to those in more developed countries. Although one of these refers to chemical properties and the latter social interaction, both are examples or diffusion. This is an example of: Resting membrane potential is due to unequal concentrations of: Two types of active transport via vesicles are: Which of the following best describes secondary active transport? As a prokaryotic cell does not have a nucleus, the DNA is in the cytoplasm. If you knew the answer, tap the green Know box. Epinephrine is taken into the cell by endocytosis; glycogen is converted to glucose in the endocytotic vesicle. does the glucose molecule just randomly attach itself to the protein when it's about to transport a sodium ion to the other side? Since they are relatively large openings in the plasma membrane, these integral membrane proteins also have high specificity. Which of the following best explains the risks associated with pesticide applications? One of the most important pumps in animal cells is the, Not only does the sodium-potassium pump maintain correct concentrations of Na. Though water is a polar molecule, it can also diffuse through the plasma membrane. Similarly, if a canister of liquid nitrogen leaks a little, nitrogen gas that escapes would quickly diffuse into the atmosphere. D. Secondary active transport involves the movement of a substance into a cell with its concentration gradient. The sugar dissolves and the mixture that is now in the cup is made up of a solute (the sugar) that is dissolved in the solvent (the water). Its tempting to simply make an argument based on stoichiometry: for every three ions of sodium that move out, only two ions of potassium move in, resulting in a more negative cell interior. Which of the following best explains a negative economic consequence of the Green Revolution in less developed countries as compared to more developed countries? gradient? What values of a and b would complete each of the following (X and Y are not meant to be any particular elements): 266X+baY15aX+32b\begin{aligned} 266 \mathrm{X} & \rightarrow \alpha+\mathrm{b}^{\mathrm{a}} \mathrm{Y} \\ Which of the following best explains why in the model the amount of land used for dairying is much smaller than the pasture used for beef cattle? Everything in the cell sits in the cytosol, like fruit in a Jell-o mold. Lettuce production in the United States is an example of commercial farming. Simple diffusion can be disrupted if the diffusion distance is increased. Therefore, muscle cells have numerous: Which statement regarding the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) is false? Pour all of the water down the sink, and wash out the glasses. Banana plants were brought to Central America from Southeast Asia to be grown closer to markets in the United States and Canada. When oxygen is moving towards tissues from capillaries, carbon dioxide is entering the bloodstream. The rate of diffusion depends on the nature of interaction between the medium and material. The protein can be toggled back and forth between these forms by the addition or removal of a phosphate group, which is in turn controlled by the binding of the ions to be transported. Based on this information and your understanding of osmosis and tonicity, what type of IV fluid is the doctor likely administering to try to save the life of the student suffering from water intoxication? For instance, in the example about the diffusion of iodine gas, if the crucible is placed in another closed container and iodine crystals are heated for an extended period of time, the rate at which the purple gas seems to disappear at the mouth of the crucible will reduce. It will bind two of them, and this triggers removal of the phosphate group attached to the pump in step 2. The cell is therefore not completely permeable. If the outside environment of a cell is water-based, and the inside of the cell is also mostly water, something has to make sure the cell stays intact in this environment. Retrieved from https://biologydictionary.net/diffusion/. These channels are . Direct link to Srichchha Pradhan's post There are certainly more , Posted 6 years ago. Explanation: When a substance moves from higher concentrated area to a lower concentrated area, is called as diffusion. Diffusion is an important part of many biological and chemical processes. Which of the following best describes the differences in the agricultural practices and land use for these products? This property can be observed even better if the gas has an odor or color. Which of the following best describes the survey methods used to delineate agricultural land and the associated settlement patterns shown in the tw. Similarly, two miscible liquids will also diffuse into each other to form a uniform solution. If for example there are alot of sodium ions outside, their positive charges will repel and like atoms don't like being near eachother so they flow to the other side if there's a way to. The membrane potential of a typical cell is -40 to -80 millivolts, with the minus sign meaning that inside of the cell is more negative than the outside, As an example of how the membrane potential can affect ion movement, lets look at sodium and potassium ions. The greater the surface area, the faster the rate of diffusion. We also acknowledge previous National Science Foundation support under grant numbers 1246120, 1525057, and 1413739. Water moves into and out of cells by osmosis. Direct link to Dovid Shaw's post how does the antiporter p, Posted 7 years ago. The high energy hot water model diffusion is important because its how we get oxygen to all the cells in our bodies. Which of the following solutions contains the most solute? how does the antiporter provide energy for molecules to go in the "opposite" direction? This can even be observed visually by the addition of different colored dyes to each of the liquids. Because of the difference in sodium concentration (between the inside and outside of the cell) and due to the electrical potential difference (between the inside and outside of the cell), the SGLT is able to perform its function. A. Golgi apparatus The electrode system developed a potential of 0.2331V-0.2331 \mathrm{~V}0.2331V when immersed in 10.010.010.0 mL\mathrm{mL}mL of the solution of unknown concentration. Which of the following best explains the differences between the patterns of land use in the township-and-range system and the long-lot system, as shown in the images? One of the main characteristics of . This type of transport is known as _____. This statement describes _____. movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. Each of these factors, independently and collectively can alter the rate and extent of diffusion. What transport process can create a concentration gradient for sodium across the plasma membrane? Would remain unchanged B. Increase C. Decrease D. It would depend on the nature and temperature of the coolant, 3. Water moves into and out of cells by osmosis. Because of the increased capital investment required to produce new crop varieties using technology that was pioneered in more developed countries, there was an increase in wealth disparity in many farming communities in less developed countries. Which of the following best explains this change? If a person goes to the hospital for surgery and requires IV (intravenous) fluids, which of the following should you expect? fats and proteins yield too much energy for the cells to process. Small-scale farmers in Asia often lacked the resources necessary to acquire the hybrid . Which of the following best explains diffusion? In class, do you typically sit evenly spaced or all scrunched together? Which of the following is a characteristic of the cell membrane? Accessibility StatementFor more information contact us atinfo@libretexts.orgor check out our status page at https://status.libretexts.org. This statement describes _____. in a symporter it makes sense that the flow of one ion should cause other molecules to go along with it, however in an antiporter, what causes the other molecule to move up its conc. Water moves into and out of cells by osmosis. Be sure to clean up when you are done. Diffusion can either be simple diffusion and be facilitated by another molecule. Which of the following best explains the significance of similarities between the farming practices for apple orchards and grape vineyards? Simple diffusion is merely the movement of molecules along their concentration gradient without the direct involvement of any other molecules. Domestication of plants and animals evolved in each hearth independently of one another as societies in each area learned and applied the process to local plants and animals. A. For example, if a block of dry ice (carbon dioxide in solid form) is placed inside a box, carbon dioxide molecules in the center of the block mostly collide with each other and get retained within the solid mass. ADP is released as a by-product. This means that the dry ice (or even regular ice) will evaporate faster on a warmer day, simply because each molecule is moving with greater energy and is more likely to quickly escape the confines of a solid state. The kinetic energy of the molecules results in random motion, causing diffusion. Answer: Random movement of molecules is not fast enough to disperse through the larger eukaryotic cell volume, Explanation: Eukaryotic clels are much bigger than prokaryotic cells. Osmosis is the diffusion of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. A red blood cell will swell and undergo hemolysis (burst) when placed in a hypotonic solution. Through a process of passive diffusion, without the active involvement of any other molecule oxygen passes through the capillary membrane and enters cells. Not everything can make it into your cells. At this balance point, the inside of the membrane is negative relative to the outside. to send you a reset link. Can you find a safe way to heat or cool the food coloring before adding it to the water? Which of the following spatial patterns is best explained by bid-rent theory? It is the random motion of the molecules that causes them to move from an area of high concentration to an area with a lower concentration. Conversely, in active transport, the solute moves against the concentration gradient, from regions of lower to higher concentration. C. detoxify certain chemicals D. through oxidation reactions Once again, as the concentration of this gas increases within the cell, it diffuses outwards towards capillaries where the force of flowing blood removes the excess gas from the tissue region. Make sure to remember your password. One of the main characteristics of diffusion is the movement of molecules along the concentration gradient. Which of these statements about diffusion of molecules is true? This increases the rate at which solute and solvent molecules move, and increases collisions. They have the same charge, so it probably won't have something to do with that and Sodium is smaller than Potassium, so it seems like it should be easier!? A primary active transport process is one in which __________. We are not permitting internet traffic to Byjus website from countries within European Union at this time. Intensive agriculture is practiced in a Mediterranean climate.